Complete Guide on Django ORM | Django Tutorials

What is Django ORM? It is a very important concept while learning Django. Without knowledge of ORM, you cannot work with the Django project as you should work. ORM is the object-relational mapper. When we create a model class then ORMs automatically create a database scheme.

As It converts SQL code to a database table in which the application’s data is stored. And we can retrieve, update and delete that data when we want. It gives us a facility to interact between application and database. Because you know every application needs a database to store its important data.

Create a Django Model | Django ORM

We have understood what is Django ORM (object-relational mapper). In this section, we will learn to create a Django model. Actually, we have learned in the Django models tutorial in which, we have briefly discussed with examples, you can read. But don’t worry, here we also discuss with our beginner readers. Let’s start!

You have to open the models.py file of your application folder. In that file, you have to define a model class with the name for which you want to create a model. It is important to know that your model class name should be an entity name.

Do you know what is Entity?

The entity is the real world things (person, place, things, concept, or event)

If you don’t knowledge about the entity, then you should give a name to the model class that should have some properties or attributes for example student model class will have a name, father name, email, city, subject as its attributes.

Example

In this example, we are talking about a Car that is an entity. Because Car has some attributes or properties as car name, model number, price, color, etc. All the below lines of code are attributes related to entity Car.

In models.py file

from django.db import models

class Car(models.Model):

name = models.CharField(max_length=50)

model_name = models.CharField(max_length=30)

color_nam = models.CharField(max_length=30)

After creating the above model class you need to run the following command:

python manage.py makemigrations

It will create SQL coding for the above model class in the migrations file in your application folder

Then run another command which will create a database table according to your SQL coding that is generated according to your model class.

python manage.py migrate

In this article, actually, we want to show that what is Django ORM. But other tutorials like working with ORM, CRUD operations, commands to work with Database, etc these are all separate tutorials, we will work on it for our beginners.

To insert the record in the database table you can create a ModelForm and using Django Shell you can add records also. The best way for you to learn Django ModelForm.

What is Queryset | Django ORM

The query is the collection of two words query and set. Query means when an application communicates with a database or interacts with a database. It t means the application is requesting in the form of a query to the database. Set means collection, in the set, there may be 0, 1, or many objects.

So QuerySet is the collection of objects (0,1 or many) that we retrieve from a database or make a filter on that objects, to get required records. In other words, we can say that QuerySet is the way to perform CRUD operations in an application because we have to focus on creating, read, update and delete operations in CRUD.

These operations are achieved with QuerySet. Actually learning Django, you did not need to learn SQL separately, because all the work related to SQL is done by Django in the backend.

So, when we work with QuerySet, the Django in the backend, our coding is converting it into SQL coding then the database is understood what an application wants to request. Because database understand SQL (structured query language)

Creating an object

Note: You can create an object if your database table has some records.

As we have learned, an application can interact with a database through QuerySet API. The record we get from the database through query set we say it as an object. You know in the table, there are a set of objects are stored in one table. So we can get a specific object from a specific table or set of objects also. So following command is used to get one object from the table.

Entry.objects.all()[:1].get()

Entry is the table name, objects mean all are the objects in the table, all() means we want to get the first record from all objects. :1 means only one record and get() means we want to get only one record.

The above line of code will get a record, here we have used slicing techniques. If you don’t know about slicing, we will cover it very soon.

To understand all the queries used in Django, we will learn step by step in another Django tutorial. In this tutorial, we are just introducing, so don’t worry we will create comprehensive lessons on QuerySet.

Creating a set of object

Now in this section, we will use a command which will give all the objects are stored in a specific table. So you can show all the records to the user.

Entry.objects.all()

You know, Entry is the table name, it should capital one. The word ‘objects’ is showing all the objects that are stored in a table and all() means we want to get all the objects.

Conclusion

If you have any questions in your mind while reading out the tutorial, then must share them with us. We will provide you the best solution possible.

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Complete Guide on Django ORM | Django Tutorials

Complete Guide on Django ORM | Django Tutorials

Create a Django Model | Django ORM

Example

What is Queryset | Django ORM

Creating an object

Creating a set of object

Conclusion

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What is Django URL Tag in Django Template Language

How to Setup Django Static files in Django Project and Application

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Complete Guide on Django ORM | Django Tutorials